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化合价:修订间差异

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{{stub}}

本页面列出了一些元素的化合价。
本页面列出了一些元素的化合价。


== 口 ==
== 口 ==


<div style="text-align: center;">
{{heimu|听说你还不会背?}}
{{heimu|听说你还不会背?}}


第17行: 第20行:
</math>
</math>


<math>
\text{莫忘单质价为 0}
</math>
</div>

{{video|bilibili|BV1GE411a7i5}}


== 化合价 ==
== 化合价 ==
以下粗体表示常见的化合价,斜体表示非常不稳定或极端条件下才能存在的化合价(如超高压下的<chem>Na2He</chem>)。
<!--引用的论文没有写出,因为太多了,并且有些访问不了-->
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|-
! 元素 !! 化合价 !! 举例
|-
| rowspan="3" | <chem>H</chem>
| 0 || <chem>W(CO)3(PCy3)2(H2)</chem>
|-
| '''+1''' || <chem>H2O, HCl, CH4</chem>
|-
| '''-1''' || <chem>NaH, CaH2</chem>
|-
| <chem>He</chem>
| ''0'' || <chem>Na2He</chem>
|-
| <chem>Li</chem>
| '''+1''' || <chem>Li2O, LiOH, LiCl</chem>
|-
| rowspan="2" | <chem>Be</chem>
| ''+1'' || <chem>BeH</chem>
|-
| '''+2''' || <chem>BeO, Be(OH)2, BeCl2</chem>
|-
| rowspan="4" | <chem>B</chem>
| ''0'' || <chem>(OC)B≡B(CO)</chem>
|-
| '''+3''' || <chem>B2O3, H3BO3, Na2B4O7</chem>
|-
| -1 || <chem>MgB2</chem>
|-
| -5 || <chem>Al3BC</chem>
|-
| rowspan="9" | <chem>C</chem>
| 0 || <chem>C6H12O6</chem>
|-
| +1 || <chem>-CHO</chem>
|-
| '''+2''' || <chem>CO, HCN, NaCN</chem>
|-
| +3 || <chem>-COOH, HOOC-COOH</chem>
|-
| '''+4''' || <chem>CO2, Na2CO3</chem>
|-
| -1 || <chem>C2H2, CaC2</chem>
|-
| -2 || <chem>C2H4</chem>
|-
| -3 || <chem>C2H6</chem>
|-
| '''-4''' || <chem>CH4</chem>
|-
| rowspan="8" | <chem>N</chem>
| +1 || <chem>N2O</chem>
|-
| +2 || <chem>NO</chem>
|-
| '''+3''' || <chem>HNO2, N2O3</chem>
|-
| +4 || <chem>NO2, N2O4</chem>
|-
| '''+5''' || <chem>N2O5, HNO3, KNO3</chem>
|-
| -1 || <chem>N2H2</chem>
|-
| -2 || <chem>N2H4</chem>
|-
| '''-3''' || <chem>NH3, HCN, NaCN, Li3N, Mg3N2</chem>
|-
| rowspan="5" | <chem>O</chem>
| ''0'' || <chem>HOF</chem>
|-
| +1 || <chem>O2F2</chem>
|-
| +2 || <chem>OF2</chem>
|-
| -1 || <chem>H2O2, Na2O2</chem>
|-
| '''-2''' || <chem>H2O, CO2</chem>
|-
| rowspan="2" | <chem>F</chem>
| ''0'' || <chem>SF6+</chem>
|-
| '''-1''' || <chem>HF, NaF</chem>
|-
| <chem>Ne</chem>
| ''0'' || <chem>Cr(CO)5Ne</chem>
|-
| rowspan="3" | <chem>Na</chem>
| ''0'' || <chem>Na3Cl</chem>
|-
| '''+1''' || <chem>Na2O, NaOH, NaCl</chem>
|-
| -1 || <chem>[Na([2.2.2]cryptand)]+Na−</chem>
|-
| <chem>Mg</chem>
| ''0'' || <chem>Na2Mg2 2+</chem>
|-
| '''+2''' || <chem>MgO, Mg(OH)2, MgCl2</chem>
|-
| <chem>Al</chem>
| '''+3''' || <chem>Al2O3, Al(OH)3, AlCl3</chem>
|-
| <chem>Si</chem>
| '''+4''' || <chem>SiO2, Na2SiO3, SiCl4</chem>
|-
| rowspan="3" | <chem>P</chem>
| +3 || <chem>PCl3</chem>
|-
| '''+5''' || <chem>P2O5, H3PO3, PCl5, POCl3</chem>
|-
| -3 || <chem>PH3</chem>
|-
| rowspan="4" | <chem>S</chem>
| +2 || <chem>SCl2</chem>
|-
| '''+4''' || <chem>SO2, SCl4, SOCl2, Na2SO3</chem>
|-
| '''+6''' || <chem>SO3, H2SO4, Na2SO4, SF6</chem>
|-
| '''-2''' || <chem>H2S, Na2S, CS2</chem>
|-
| rowspan="6" | <chem>Cl</chem>
| '''+1''' || <chem>HClO, NaClO, Ca(ClO)2</chem>
|-
| '''+3''' || <chem>HClO2, NaClO2</chem>
|-
| +4 || <chem>ClO2</chem>
|-
| '''+5''' || <chem>HClO3, NaClO3</chem>
|-
| '''+7''' || <chem>HClO4, NaClO4, Cl2O7</chem>
|-
| '''-1''' || <chem>HCl, NaCl</chem>
|-
| <chem>Ar</chem>
| colspan="2" | '''''0'''''
|-
| <chem>K</chem>
| '''+1''' || <chem>K2O, KOH, KCl</chem>
|-
| <chem>Ca</chem>
| '''+2''' || <chem>CaO, Ca(OH)2, CaCl2</chem>
|-
| <chem>Sc</chem>
| '''+3''' || <chem>Sc2O3, Sc(OH)3, ScCl3</chem>
|-
| rowspan="3" | <chem>Ti</chem>
| +2 || <chem>TiO</chem>
|-
| +3 || <chem>TiCl3</chem>
|-
| '''+4''' || <chem>TiO2, TiCl4, TiOSO4</chem>
|-
| rowspan="4" | <chem>V</chem>
| +2 || <chem>VCl2</chem>
|-
| +3 || <chem>V2O3, VCl3</chem>
|-
| +4 || <chem>VO2, VCl4, VOSO4</chem>
|-
| '''+5''' || <chem>V2O5, VOCl3, NH4VO3</chem>
|-
| rowspan="5" | <chem>Cr</chem>
| +2 || <chem>CrCl2</chem>
|-
| '''+3''' || <chem>Cr2O3, CrCl3, CrSO4</chem>
|-
| +4 || <chem>CrO2</chem>
|-
| +5 || <chem>CrF5</chem>
|-
| '''+6''' || <chem>CrO3, K2CrO4, K2Cr2O7</chem>
|-
| rowspan="6" | <chem>Mn</chem>
| '''+2''' || <chem>MnO, MnCl2</chem>
|-
| +3 || <chem>Mn2O3</chem>
|-
| '''+4''' || <chem>MnO2, MnF4</chem>
|-
| +5 || <chem>K3MnO4</chem>
|-
| +6 || <chem>K2MnO4</chem>
|-
| '''+7''' || <chem>Mn2O7, KMnO4</chem>
|-
| rowspan="3" | <chem>Fe</chem>
| '''+2''' || <chem>FeO, FeCl2</chem>
|-
| '''+3''' || <chem>Fe2O3, Fe(OH)3, FeCl3</chem>
|-
| +6 || <chem>K2FeO4</chem>
|-
| rowspan="2" | <chem>Co</chem>
| '''+2''' || <chem>CoO, CoCl2</chem>
|-
| +3 || <chem>Co2O3, CoF3</chem>
|-
| rowspan="4" | <chem>Ni</chem>
| 0 || <chem>Ni(CO)4</chem>
|-
| '''+2''' || <chem>NiO, NiCl2</chem>
|-
| +3 || <chem>Ni2O3</chem>
|-
| +4 || <chem>K2NiF6</chem>
|-
| rowspan="3" | <chem>Cu</chem>
| +1 || <chem>Cu2O, CuCl</chem>
|-
| '''+2''' || <chem>CuO, Cu(OH)2, CuCl2</chem>
|-
| +3 || <chem>K3CuF6</chem>
|-
| <chem>Zn</chem>
| '''+2''' || <chem>ZnO, Zn(OH)2, ZnCl2</chem>
|-
| <chem>Ga</chem>
| '''+3''' || <chem>Ga2O3, Ga(OH)3, GaCl3</chem>
|-
| rowspan="2" | <chem>Ge</chem>
| +2 || <chem>GeCl2</chem>
|-
| '''+4''' || <chem>GeO2, GeCl4</chem>
|-
| rowspan="2" | <chem>As</chem>
| '''+3''' || <chem>As2O3, As3S3, AsCl3, NaAsO2</chem>
|-
| '''+5''' || <chem>As2O5, AsCl5, Na3AsO4</chem>
|-
| rowspan="3" | <chem>Se</chem>
| '''+4''' || <chem>SeO2, SeCl4, SeOCl2</chem><br><chem>H2SeO3, Na2SeO3</chem>
|-
| '''+6''' || <chem>SeO3, H2SeO4, Na2SeO4</chem>
|-
| '''-2''' || <chem>H2Se, Na2Se</chem>
|-
| rowspan="5" | <chem>Br</chem>
| '''+1''' || <chem>HBrO, NaBrO</chem>
|-
| '''+3''' || <chem>NaBrO2</chem>
|-
| '''+5''' || <chem>HBrO3, NaBrO3</chem>
|-
| '''+7''' || <chem>HBrO4, NaBrO4</chem>
|-
| '''-1''' || <chem>HBr, NaBr</chem>
|-
| rowspan="2" | <chem>Kr</chem>
| colspan="2" | '''''0'''''
|-
| +2 || <chem>KrF2</chem>
|-
| <chem>Rb</chem>
| '''+1''' || <chem>Rb2O, RbOH, RbCl</chem>
|-
| <chem>Sr</chem>
| '''+2''' || <chem>SrO, Sr(OH)2, SrCl2</chem>
|-
| <chem>Y</chem>
| '''+3''' || <chem>Y2O3, Y(OH)3, YCl3</chem>
|-
| rowspan="2" | <chem>Zr</chem>
| +3 || <chem>ZrCl3</chem>
|-
| '''+4''' || <chem>ZrO2, ZrCl4</chem>
|-
| rowspan="4" | <chem>Nb</chem>
| +2 || <chem>NbO</chem>
|-
| +3 || <chem>NbF3</chem>
|-
| +4 || <chem>NbO2, NbCl4</chem>
|-
| '''+5''' || <chem>Nb2O5, NbCl5</chem>
|-
| rowspan="5" | <chem>Mo</chem>
| +2 || <chem>MoCl2</chem>
|-
| +3 || <chem>MoCl3</chem>
|-
| +4 || <chem>MoO2, MoCl4</chem>
|-
| +5 || <chem>MoCl5</chem>
|-
| '''+6''' || <chem>MoO3, K2MoO4</chem><br><chem>(NH4)6Mo7O24</chem>
|-
| rowspan="5" | <chem>Tc</chem>
| +3 || <chem>TcCl3</chem>
|-
| +4 || <chem>TcF4</chem>
|-
| +5 || <chem>NaTcO3</chem>
|-
| +6 || <chem>TcF6</chem>
|-
| '''+7''' || <chem>Tc2O7, NaTcO4</chem>
|-
| rowspan="5" | <chem>Ru</chem>
| '''+3''' || <chem>RuCl3</chem>
|-
| +4 || <chem>RuO2</chem>
|-
| +5 || <chem>RuF5</chem>
|-
| +6 || <chem>RuF6</chem>
|-
| +8 || <chem>RuO4</chem>
|-
| rowspan="4" | <chem>Rh</chem>
| '''+3''' || <chem>RhCl3</chem>
|-
| +4 || <chem>RhO2</chem>
|-
| +5 || <chem>RhF5</chem>
|-
| +6 || <chem>RhF6</chem>
|-
| rowspan="2" | <chem>Pd</chem>
| '''+2''' || <chem>PdCl2</chem>
|-
| +4 || <chem>PdF4</chem>
|-
| rowspan="3" | <chem>Ag</chem>
| '''+1''' || <chem>Ag2O, AgNO3</chem>
|-
| +2 || <chem>AgF2</chem>
|-
| +3 || <chem>AgF3</chem>
|-
| <chem>Cd</chem>
| '''+2''' || <chem>CdO, Cd(OH)2, CdCl2</chem>
|-
| <chem>In</chem>
| '''+3''' || <chem>In2O3, In(OH)3, InCl3</chem>
|-
| rowspan="2" | <chem>Sn</chem>
| '''+2''' || <chem>SnO, Sn(OH)2, SnCl2</chem>
|-
| '''+4''' || <chem>SnO2, SnCl4</chem>
|-
| rowspan="2" | <chem>Sb</chem>
| '''+3''' || <chem>Sb2O3, Sb3S3, SbCl3, SbOCl</chem>
|-
| +5 || <chem>Sb2O5, SbCl5</chem>
|-
| rowspan="3" | <chem>Te</chem>
| '''+4''' || <chem>TeO2, Na2TeO3</chem>
|-
| '''+6''' || <chem>TeO3, TeCl4, Na2TeO4</chem>
|-
| -2 || <chem>H2Te, Na2Te</chem>
|-
| rowspan="5" | <chem>I</chem>
| +1 || <chem>ICl</chem>
|-
| +3 || <chem>ICl3</chem>
|-
| '''+5''' || <chem>KIO3</chem>
|-
| '''+7''' || <chem>I2O5, KIO4</chem>
|-
| '''-1''' || <chem>HI, KI</chem>
|-
| rowspan="5" | <chem>Xe</chem>
| colspan="2" | '''''0'''''
|-
| +1 || <chem>XePtF6</chem>
|-
| +2 || <chem>XeF2</chem>
|-
| +4 || <chem>XeF4</chem>
|-
| +6 || <chem>XeF6</chem>
|-
| <chem>Cs</chem>
| '''+1''' || <chem>Cs2O, CsOH, CsCl</chem>
|-
| <chem>Ba</chem>
| '''+2''' || <chem>BaO, Ba(OH)2, BaCl2</chem>
|-
| <chem>La</chem>
| '''+3''' || <chem>La2O3, La(OH)3, LaCl3</chem>
|-
| rowspan="2" | <chem>Ce</chem>
| '''+3''' || <chem>Ce2O3, Ce(OH)3, CeCl3</chem>
|-
| '''+4''' || <chem>CeO2, Ce(OH)4, Ce(SO4)2</chem>
|-
| rowspan="2" | <chem>Pr</chem>
| '''+3''' || <chem>Pr2O3, Pr(OH)3, PrCl3</chem>
|-
| +4 || <chem>PrO2</chem>
|-
| <chem>Nd</chem>
| '''+3''' || <chem>Nd2O3, Nd(OH)3, NdCl3</chem>
|-
| <chem>Pm</chem>
| '''+3''' || <chem>Pm2O3, Pm(OH)3, PmCl3</chem>
|-
| rowspan="2" | <chem>Sm</chem>
| +2 || <chem>SmCl2</chem>
|-
| '''+3''' || <chem>Sm2O3, Sm(OH)3, SmCl3</chem>
|-
| rowspan="2" | <chem>Eu</chem>
| '''+2''' || <chem>Eu(OH)2, EuCl2</chem>
|-
| '''+3''' || <chem>Eu2O3, Eu(OH)3, EuCl3</chem>
|-
| <chem>Gd</chem>
| '''+3''' || <chem>Gd2O3, Gd(OH)3, GdCl3</chem>
|-
| rowspan="2" | <chem>Tb</chem>
| '''+3''' || <chem>Tb2O3, Tb(OH)3, TbCl3</chem>
|-
| +4 || <chem>TbO2</chem>
|-
| <chem>Dy</chem>
| '''+3''' || <chem>Dy2O3, Dy(OH)3, DyCl3</chem>
|-
| <chem>Ho</chem>
| '''+3''' || <chem>Ho2O3, Ho(OH)3, HoCl3</chem>
|-
| <chem>Er</chem>
| '''+3''' || <chem>Er2O3, Er(OH)3, ErCl3</chem>
|-
| <chem>Tm</chem>
| '''+3''' || <chem>Tm2O3, Tm(OH)3, TmCl3</chem>
|-
| rowspan="2" | <chem>Yb</chem>
| +2 || <chem>YbCl2</chem>
|-
| '''+3''' || <chem>Yb2O3, Yb(OH)3, YbCl3</chem>
|-
| <chem>Lu</chem>
| '''+3''' || <chem>Lu2O3, Lu(OH)3, LuCl3</chem>
|-
| <chem>Hf</chem>
| '''+4''' || <chem>HfO2, HfCl4</chem>
|-
| <chem>Ta</chem>
| '''+5''' || <chem>Ta2O5, TaCl5</chem>
|-
| rowspan="4" | <chem>W</chem>
| +2 || <chem>WCl2</chem>
|-
| +4 || <chem>WO2, WCl4</chem>
|-
| +5 || <chem>WCl5</chem>
|-
| '''+6''' || <chem>WO3, WCl6, WOCl4, WO2Cl2 </chem><br><chem>(NH4)10(H2W12O42)</chem>
|-
| rowspan="5" | <chem>Re</chem>
| +3 || <chem>ReCl3</chem>
|-
| +4 || <chem>ReO2, ReCl4</chem>
|-
| +5 || <chem>ReCl5</chem>
|-
| +6 || <chem>ReO3</chem>
|-
| '''+7''' || <chem>Re2O7, NH4ReO4</chem>
|-
| rowspan="4" | <chem>Os</chem>
| '''+4''' || <chem>OsO2, OsCl4</chem>
|-
| +5 || <chem>OsF5</chem>
|-
| +6 || <chem>OsF6</chem>
|-
| '''+8''' || <chem>OsO4</chem>
|-
| rowspan="5" | <chem>Ir</chem>
| '''+3''' || <chem>IrCl3</chem>
|-
| +4 || <chem>IrO2</chem>
|-
| +5 || <chem>IrF5</chem>
|-
| +6 || <chem>IrF6</chem>
|-
| +8 || <chem>IrO4</chem>
|-
| rowspan="3" | <chem>Pt</chem>
| '''+4''' || <chem>PtO2, PtCl4, H2PtCl6</chem>
|-
| +5 || <chem>PtF5</chem>
|-
| +6 || <chem>PtF6</chem>
|-
| rowspan="2" | <chem>Au</chem>
| +1 || <chem>AuCl</chem>
|-
| '''+3''' || <chem>Au(OH)3, AuCl3, HAuCl4</chem>
|-
| rowspan="2" |<chem>Hg</chem>
| '''+1''' || <chem>Hg2O, Hg2Cl2</chem>
|-
| '''+2''' || <chem>HgO, HgCl2</chem>
|-
| rowspan="2" |<chem>Tl</chem>
| '''+1''' || <chem>Tl2O, TlOH, TlCl</chem>
|-
| '''+3''' || <chem>Tl2O3, Tl(OH)3</chem>
|-
| rowspan="2" | <chem>Pb</chem>
| '''+2''' || <chem>PbO, Pb(OH)2, PbCl2</chem>
|-
| +4 || <chem>PbO2, PbCl4</chem>
|-
| rowspan="2" | <chem>Bi</chem>
| '''+3''' || <chem>Bi2O3, Bi(OH)3, BiCl3, BiOCl</chem>
|-
| +5 || <chem>NaBiO3</chem>
|-
| rowspan="4" | <chem>Po</chem>
| +2 || <chem>PoCl2</chem>
|-
| '''+4''' || <chem>PoO2, PoCl4</chem>
|-
| +6 || <chem>PoF6</chem>
|-
| -2 || <chem>Na2Po</chem>
|-
| rowspan="3" | <chem>Rn</chem>
| colspan="2" | '''''0'''''
|-
| +2 || <chem>RnF2</chem>
|-
| +6 || <chem>RnO3</chem>
|-
| <chem>Ra</chem>
| '''+2''' || <chem>RaSO4, RaCl2</chem>
|-
| <chem>Ac</chem>
| '''+3''' || <chem>Ac2O3, AcCl3</chem>
|-
| rowspan="2" | <chem>Th</chem>
| +2 || <chem>ThO</chem>
|-
| '''+4''' || <chem>ThO2, Th(NO3)4</chem>
|-
| rowspan="2" | <chem>Pa</chem>
| +4 || <chem>PaO2</chem>
|-
| '''+5''' || <chem>Pa2O5</chem>
|-
| rowspan="4" | <chem>U</chem>
| +3 || <chem>UCl3</chem>
|-
| '''+4''' || <chem>UO2, UCl4</chem>
|-
| +5 || <chem>UCl5</chem>
|-
| '''+6''' || <chem>UO3, UCl6</chem><br><chem>UO2(NO3)2, (NH4)2U2O7</chem>
|-
| rowspan="4" | <chem>Np</chem>
| +3 || <chem>NpF3</chem>
|-
| '''+4''' || <chem>NpO2, NpF4</chem>
|-
| +5 || <chem>NpF5</chem>
|-
| +6 || <chem>NpF6</chem>
|-
| rowspan="3" | <chem>Pu</chem>
| +3 || <chem>PuCl3</chem>
|-
| '''+4''' || <chem>PuO2, PuF4</chem>
|-
| +6 || <chem>PuF6</chem>
|-
| rowspan="3" | <chem>Am</chem>
| +2 || <chem>AmCl2</chem>
|-
| '''+3''' || <chem>Am2O3, AmCl3</chem>
|-
| +4 || <chem>AmO2</chem>
|-
| rowspan="2" | <chem>Cm</chem>
| '''+3''' || <chem>Cm2O3</chem>
|-
| +4 || <chem>CmO2</chem>
|}


{{Study}}
{{Study}}

2024年2月2日 (五) 14:29的最新版本

该页面仍需完善。

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本页面列出了一些元素的化合价。

口诀

听说你还不会背?

[math]\displaystyle{ \text{K Na H Ag +1价 Ca Mg Ba Zn +2价} }[/math]

[math]\displaystyle{ \text{F Cl Br I -1价 通常 O 是 -2价} }[/math]

[math]\displaystyle{ \text{+1 +2 Cu Hg +2 +3 Fe +3 Al +4 Si +5 N P} }[/math]

[math]\displaystyle{ \text{莫忘单质价为 0} }[/math]

化合价

以下粗体表示常见的化合价,斜体表示非常不稳定或极端条件下才能存在的化合价(如超高压下的[math]\ce{ Na2He }[/math])。

元素 化合价 举例
[math]\ce{ H }[/math] 0 [math]\ce{ W(CO)3(PCy3)2(H2) }[/math]
+1 [math]\ce{ H2O, HCl, CH4 }[/math]
-1 [math]\ce{ NaH, CaH2 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ He }[/math] 0 [math]\ce{ Na2He }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Li }[/math] +1 [math]\ce{ Li2O, LiOH, LiCl }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Be }[/math] +1 [math]\ce{ BeH }[/math]
+2 [math]\ce{ BeO, Be(OH)2, BeCl2 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ B }[/math] 0 [math]\ce{ (OC)B≡B(CO) }[/math]
+3 [math]\ce{ B2O3, H3BO3, Na2B4O7 }[/math]
-1 [math]\ce{ MgB2 }[/math]
-5 [math]\ce{ Al3BC }[/math]
[math]\ce{ C }[/math] 0 [math]\ce{ C6H12O6 }[/math]
+1 [math]\ce{ -CHO }[/math]
+2 [math]\ce{ CO, HCN, NaCN }[/math]
+3 [math]\ce{ -COOH, HOOC-COOH }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ CO2, Na2CO3 }[/math]
-1 [math]\ce{ C2H2, CaC2 }[/math]
-2 [math]\ce{ C2H4 }[/math]
-3 [math]\ce{ C2H6 }[/math]
-4 [math]\ce{ CH4 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ N }[/math] +1 [math]\ce{ N2O }[/math]
+2 [math]\ce{ NO }[/math]
+3 [math]\ce{ HNO2, N2O3 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ NO2, N2O4 }[/math]
+5 [math]\ce{ N2O5, HNO3, KNO3 }[/math]
-1 [math]\ce{ N2H2 }[/math]
-2 [math]\ce{ N2H4 }[/math]
-3 [math]\ce{ NH3, HCN, NaCN, Li3N, Mg3N2 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ O }[/math] 0 [math]\ce{ HOF }[/math]
+1 [math]\ce{ O2F2 }[/math]
+2 [math]\ce{ OF2 }[/math]
-1 [math]\ce{ H2O2, Na2O2 }[/math]
-2 [math]\ce{ H2O, CO2 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ F }[/math] 0 [math]\ce{ SF6+ }[/math]
-1 [math]\ce{ HF, NaF }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Ne }[/math] 0 [math]\ce{ Cr(CO)5Ne }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Na }[/math] 0 [math]\ce{ Na3Cl }[/math]
+1 [math]\ce{ Na2O, NaOH, NaCl }[/math]
-1 [math]\ce{ [Na([2.2.2]cryptand)]+Na− }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Mg }[/math] 0 [math]\ce{ Na2Mg2 2+ }[/math]
+2 [math]\ce{ MgO, Mg(OH)2, MgCl2 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Al }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ Al2O3, Al(OH)3, AlCl3 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Si }[/math] +4 [math]\ce{ SiO2, Na2SiO3, SiCl4 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ P }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ PCl3 }[/math]
+5 [math]\ce{ P2O5, H3PO3, PCl5, POCl3 }[/math]
-3 [math]\ce{ PH3 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ S }[/math] +2 [math]\ce{ SCl2 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ SO2, SCl4, SOCl2, Na2SO3 }[/math]
+6 [math]\ce{ SO3, H2SO4, Na2SO4, SF6 }[/math]
-2 [math]\ce{ H2S, Na2S, CS2 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Cl }[/math] +1 [math]\ce{ HClO, NaClO, Ca(ClO)2 }[/math]
+3 [math]\ce{ HClO2, NaClO2 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ ClO2 }[/math]
+5 [math]\ce{ HClO3, NaClO3 }[/math]
+7 [math]\ce{ HClO4, NaClO4, Cl2O7 }[/math]
-1 [math]\ce{ HCl, NaCl }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Ar }[/math] 0
[math]\ce{ K }[/math] +1 [math]\ce{ K2O, KOH, KCl }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Ca }[/math] +2 [math]\ce{ CaO, Ca(OH)2, CaCl2 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Sc }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ Sc2O3, Sc(OH)3, ScCl3 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Ti }[/math] +2 [math]\ce{ TiO }[/math]
+3 [math]\ce{ TiCl3 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ TiO2, TiCl4, TiOSO4 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ V }[/math] +2 [math]\ce{ VCl2 }[/math]
+3 [math]\ce{ V2O3, VCl3 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ VO2, VCl4, VOSO4 }[/math]
+5 [math]\ce{ V2O5, VOCl3, NH4VO3 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Cr }[/math] +2 [math]\ce{ CrCl2 }[/math]
+3 [math]\ce{ Cr2O3, CrCl3, CrSO4 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ CrO2 }[/math]
+5 [math]\ce{ CrF5 }[/math]
+6 [math]\ce{ CrO3, K2CrO4, K2Cr2O7 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Mn }[/math] +2 [math]\ce{ MnO, MnCl2 }[/math]
+3 [math]\ce{ Mn2O3 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ MnO2, MnF4 }[/math]
+5 [math]\ce{ K3MnO4 }[/math]
+6 [math]\ce{ K2MnO4 }[/math]
+7 [math]\ce{ Mn2O7, KMnO4 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Fe }[/math] +2 [math]\ce{ FeO, FeCl2 }[/math]
+3 [math]\ce{ Fe2O3, Fe(OH)3, FeCl3 }[/math]
+6 [math]\ce{ K2FeO4 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Co }[/math] +2 [math]\ce{ CoO, CoCl2 }[/math]
+3 [math]\ce{ Co2O3, CoF3 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Ni }[/math] 0 [math]\ce{ Ni(CO)4 }[/math]
+2 [math]\ce{ NiO, NiCl2 }[/math]
+3 [math]\ce{ Ni2O3 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ K2NiF6 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Cu }[/math] +1 [math]\ce{ Cu2O, CuCl }[/math]
+2 [math]\ce{ CuO, Cu(OH)2, CuCl2 }[/math]
+3 [math]\ce{ K3CuF6 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Zn }[/math] +2 [math]\ce{ ZnO, Zn(OH)2, ZnCl2 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Ga }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ Ga2O3, Ga(OH)3, GaCl3 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Ge }[/math] +2 [math]\ce{ GeCl2 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ GeO2, GeCl4 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ As }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ As2O3, As3S3, AsCl3, NaAsO2 }[/math]
+5 [math]\ce{ As2O5, AsCl5, Na3AsO4 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Se }[/math] +4 [math]\ce{ SeO2, SeCl4, SeOCl2 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ H2SeO3, Na2SeO3 }[/math]
+6 [math]\ce{ SeO3, H2SeO4, Na2SeO4 }[/math]
-2 [math]\ce{ H2Se, Na2Se }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Br }[/math] +1 [math]\ce{ HBrO, NaBrO }[/math]
+3 [math]\ce{ NaBrO2 }[/math]
+5 [math]\ce{ HBrO3, NaBrO3 }[/math]
+7 [math]\ce{ HBrO4, NaBrO4 }[/math]
-1 [math]\ce{ HBr, NaBr }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Kr }[/math] 0
+2 [math]\ce{ KrF2 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Rb }[/math] +1 [math]\ce{ Rb2O, RbOH, RbCl }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Sr }[/math] +2 [math]\ce{ SrO, Sr(OH)2, SrCl2 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Y }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ Y2O3, Y(OH)3, YCl3 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Zr }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ ZrCl3 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ ZrO2, ZrCl4 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Nb }[/math] +2 [math]\ce{ NbO }[/math]
+3 [math]\ce{ NbF3 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ NbO2, NbCl4 }[/math]
+5 [math]\ce{ Nb2O5, NbCl5 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Mo }[/math] +2 [math]\ce{ MoCl2 }[/math]
+3 [math]\ce{ MoCl3 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ MoO2, MoCl4 }[/math]
+5 [math]\ce{ MoCl5 }[/math]
+6 [math]\ce{ MoO3, K2MoO4 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ (NH4)6Mo7O24 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Tc }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ TcCl3 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ TcF4 }[/math]
+5 [math]\ce{ NaTcO3 }[/math]
+6 [math]\ce{ TcF6 }[/math]
+7 [math]\ce{ Tc2O7, NaTcO4 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Ru }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ RuCl3 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ RuO2 }[/math]
+5 [math]\ce{ RuF5 }[/math]
+6 [math]\ce{ RuF6 }[/math]
+8 [math]\ce{ RuO4 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Rh }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ RhCl3 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ RhO2 }[/math]
+5 [math]\ce{ RhF5 }[/math]
+6 [math]\ce{ RhF6 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Pd }[/math] +2 [math]\ce{ PdCl2 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ PdF4 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Ag }[/math] +1 [math]\ce{ Ag2O, AgNO3 }[/math]
+2 [math]\ce{ AgF2 }[/math]
+3 [math]\ce{ AgF3 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Cd }[/math] +2 [math]\ce{ CdO, Cd(OH)2, CdCl2 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ In }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ In2O3, In(OH)3, InCl3 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Sn }[/math] +2 [math]\ce{ SnO, Sn(OH)2, SnCl2 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ SnO2, SnCl4 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Sb }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ Sb2O3, Sb3S3, SbCl3, SbOCl }[/math]
+5 [math]\ce{ Sb2O5, SbCl5 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Te }[/math] +4 [math]\ce{ TeO2, Na2TeO3 }[/math]
+6 [math]\ce{ TeO3, TeCl4, Na2TeO4 }[/math]
-2 [math]\ce{ H2Te, Na2Te }[/math]
[math]\ce{ I }[/math] +1 [math]\ce{ ICl }[/math]
+3 [math]\ce{ ICl3 }[/math]
+5 [math]\ce{ KIO3 }[/math]
+7 [math]\ce{ I2O5, KIO4 }[/math]
-1 [math]\ce{ HI, KI }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Xe }[/math] 0
+1 [math]\ce{ XePtF6 }[/math]
+2 [math]\ce{ XeF2 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ XeF4 }[/math]
+6 [math]\ce{ XeF6 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Cs }[/math] +1 [math]\ce{ Cs2O, CsOH, CsCl }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Ba }[/math] +2 [math]\ce{ BaO, Ba(OH)2, BaCl2 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ La }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ La2O3, La(OH)3, LaCl3 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Ce }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ Ce2O3, Ce(OH)3, CeCl3 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ CeO2, Ce(OH)4, Ce(SO4)2 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Pr }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ Pr2O3, Pr(OH)3, PrCl3 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ PrO2 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Nd }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ Nd2O3, Nd(OH)3, NdCl3 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Pm }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ Pm2O3, Pm(OH)3, PmCl3 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Sm }[/math] +2 [math]\ce{ SmCl2 }[/math]
+3 [math]\ce{ Sm2O3, Sm(OH)3, SmCl3 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Eu }[/math] +2 [math]\ce{ Eu(OH)2, EuCl2 }[/math]
+3 [math]\ce{ Eu2O3, Eu(OH)3, EuCl3 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Gd }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ Gd2O3, Gd(OH)3, GdCl3 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Tb }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ Tb2O3, Tb(OH)3, TbCl3 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ TbO2 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Dy }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ Dy2O3, Dy(OH)3, DyCl3 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Ho }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ Ho2O3, Ho(OH)3, HoCl3 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Er }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ Er2O3, Er(OH)3, ErCl3 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Tm }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ Tm2O3, Tm(OH)3, TmCl3 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Yb }[/math] +2 [math]\ce{ YbCl2 }[/math]
+3 [math]\ce{ Yb2O3, Yb(OH)3, YbCl3 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Lu }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ Lu2O3, Lu(OH)3, LuCl3 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Hf }[/math] +4 [math]\ce{ HfO2, HfCl4 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Ta }[/math] +5 [math]\ce{ Ta2O5, TaCl5 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ W }[/math] +2 [math]\ce{ WCl2 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ WO2, WCl4 }[/math]
+5 [math]\ce{ WCl5 }[/math]
+6 [math]\ce{ WO3, WCl6, WOCl4, WO2Cl2 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ (NH4)10(H2W12O42) }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Re }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ ReCl3 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ ReO2, ReCl4 }[/math]
+5 [math]\ce{ ReCl5 }[/math]
+6 [math]\ce{ ReO3 }[/math]
+7 [math]\ce{ Re2O7, NH4ReO4 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Os }[/math] +4 [math]\ce{ OsO2, OsCl4 }[/math]
+5 [math]\ce{ OsF5 }[/math]
+6 [math]\ce{ OsF6 }[/math]
+8 [math]\ce{ OsO4 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Ir }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ IrCl3 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ IrO2 }[/math]
+5 [math]\ce{ IrF5 }[/math]
+6 [math]\ce{ IrF6 }[/math]
+8 [math]\ce{ IrO4 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Pt }[/math] +4 [math]\ce{ PtO2, PtCl4, H2PtCl6 }[/math]
+5 [math]\ce{ PtF5 }[/math]
+6 [math]\ce{ PtF6 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Au }[/math] +1 [math]\ce{ AuCl }[/math]
+3 [math]\ce{ Au(OH)3, AuCl3, HAuCl4 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Hg }[/math] +1 [math]\ce{ Hg2O, Hg2Cl2 }[/math]
+2 [math]\ce{ HgO, HgCl2 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Tl }[/math] +1 [math]\ce{ Tl2O, TlOH, TlCl }[/math]
+3 [math]\ce{ Tl2O3, Tl(OH)3 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Pb }[/math] +2 [math]\ce{ PbO, Pb(OH)2, PbCl2 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ PbO2, PbCl4 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Bi }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ Bi2O3, Bi(OH)3, BiCl3, BiOCl }[/math]
+5 [math]\ce{ NaBiO3 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Po }[/math] +2 [math]\ce{ PoCl2 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ PoO2, PoCl4 }[/math]
+6 [math]\ce{ PoF6 }[/math]
-2 [math]\ce{ Na2Po }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Rn }[/math] 0
+2 [math]\ce{ RnF2 }[/math]
+6 [math]\ce{ RnO3 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Ra }[/math] +2 [math]\ce{ RaSO4, RaCl2 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Ac }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ Ac2O3, AcCl3 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Th }[/math] +2 [math]\ce{ ThO }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ ThO2, Th(NO3)4 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Pa }[/math] +4 [math]\ce{ PaO2 }[/math]
+5 [math]\ce{ Pa2O5 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ U }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ UCl3 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ UO2, UCl4 }[/math]
+5 [math]\ce{ UCl5 }[/math]
+6 [math]\ce{ UO3, UCl6 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ UO2(NO3)2, (NH4)2U2O7 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Np }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ NpF3 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ NpO2, NpF4 }[/math]
+5 [math]\ce{ NpF5 }[/math]
+6 [math]\ce{ NpF6 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Pu }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ PuCl3 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ PuO2, PuF4 }[/math]
+6 [math]\ce{ PuF6 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Am }[/math] +2 [math]\ce{ AmCl2 }[/math]
+3 [math]\ce{ Am2O3, AmCl3 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ AmO2 }[/math]
[math]\ce{ Cm }[/math] +3 [math]\ce{ Cm2O3 }[/math]
+4 [math]\ce{ CmO2 }[/math]